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Sunday, September 21st, 2008 at 11:11 pm

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What is Web Design

Overview

Web design involves the structure the website, including information architecture (navigation systems and naming conventions), design pages (wireframes or schematics page are created to show a consistent placement of elements including functional characteristics), and conceptual design with the brand.

Content

Elements such as text, forms, images (GIF, JPEG, PNG) and video can be placed on the page with HTML / XHTML / XML tags. Some browsers may require plug-ins such as Flash, QuickTime, Java run-time environment, etc. to show some media that are embedded in web pages by using HTML / XHTML tags.

Improvements in the performance of browsers with W3C standards prompted a widespread acceptance and use of XHTML / XML in conjunction with Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to position and manipulate web page elements and objects.

Typically web pages are classified as static or dynamic:

Static pages do not change the content and layout with every request unless a human (web master / programmer) so manual refresh this page. A simple HTML page is an example of static content.
Dynamic pages adapt their content and / or appearance depending the end user input / interaction or changes in the computing environment (user, time, changes to the database, etc.) Content can be changed on the client (End user equipment) with client-side scripting languages (JavaScript, JScript, Actionscript, etc.) to alter DOM elements (DHTML). Dynamic Content often compiled into the server using the server side scripting languages (Perl, PHP, ASP, JSP, ColdFusion, etc.). Both approaches are usually used in complex applications.

With increasing specialization in the field of information technology there is a strong tendency to distinguish between web design and web development. The Web design is a kind of graphic projects for the development and design objects information environment of the Internet to provide them with the characteristics of high quality consumer and aesthetic qualities.

This definition separates the design web site programming, emphasizing the functional characteristics of a website, web design and positioning as a kind of graph design. [1] The process of designing web pages, websites, web or multimedia applications for the Web can be used multiple disciplines, including animation, creation, communication design, corporate identity, graphic design, human-computer interaction, information architecture, interaction design, marketing, photography, search engine optimization and typography.

Markup languages (HTML, XHTML and XML)
Sheet languages style (CSS and XSL)
Client-side scripting (ie JavaScript)
On the server side (like PHP and ASP)
Database technologies (such as MySQL and PostgreSQL)
Multimedia technologies (such as Flash and Silverlight)

Web pages and sites Web pages can be static or can be programmed to be dynamic pages that automatically adapt to the visual content or function in a variety factors such as input from end users, the entry of the webmaster or changes in the computing environment (such as database associated with the site was changed).

Accessible web design

To be accessible, web pages and sites must meet certain accessibility principles. These principles are known accessibility WCAG like when it comes to content. These can be grouped into the following main areas [2].

Use semantic markup that provides a framework significant for the document (ie the website)
Semantic markup also refers to the organization of the semantic structure page and description of web publishing web services accordingly, so they can be recognized by other web services on different web pages. Standards for semantic web are established by the IEEE
Use a valid markup language that conforms to a published DTD or Schema
Provide text equivalents for all components non-text (eg images, multimedia)
Using hyperlinks that make sense when read out of context. (For example, avoid "click here ")

Web accessibility is also changing, as it is affected by the content management systems that allow changes should be inserted into web pages without the need for the knowledge-based web programming language.

It is very important that the different components Web development and interaction can work together to make the Web accessible to people with disabilities. These components include:

content - the information in a Web page or Web application, including:
- Natural information such as text, images and sounds
- code or markup that defines structure, presentation, etc.
Web browsers, media players and other "user agents"
technology support, in some cases - screen readers, alternative keyboards, switches, scanning software, etc.
users' knowledge, experience, and in some cases, adaptation strategies with the Web
developers - designers, programmers, authors, etc., including developers with disabilities and users who contribute content
authoring tools - software that creates Web sites
assessment tools - Assessment tools Web accessibility, HTML validators, CSS validators, etc.

History

Tim Berners-Lee published what is regarded as the first site website in August 1991 [3]. Berners-Lee was the first to combine Internet communication (which had been carrying email and Usenet for decades) with hypertext (Which had also been for decades, but not limited to browsing information stored on a single computer, such as interactive CD-ROM design). Websites are written in a markup language called HTML, and early versions of HTML were very basic, only giving the basic structure of a website (titles and paragraphs), and the ability to link to hypertext. This was new and different from existing forms of communication - users can easily move to other pages following hyperlinks from one page to another.

As the Web and web design progressed, the markup language changed to be more complex and flexible, giving the ability to add objects like images and tables on a page. Features such as tables, which were originally intended to be used to display information tabular is soon subverted for use as design devices invisible. With the advent of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), table-based layout is commonly considered obsolete. Database technologies such as integration scripting and server-side design standards like W3C further changed and improve the way you do the Web. As times change websites are changing the code in the interior and exterior visual programs in the evolving and utilities.

With progression of the Web, tens of thousands of web design companies have been established worldwide to serve the growing demand work. As in much of the technology industry information, many web design companies have been established in technology parks in the developing world, as well as many Western design companies setting up offices in countries such as India, Romania and Russia to enjoy the relatively lower rates of labor in these countries.

Website planning

Intending to web design is a complex but essential ongoing activity. Before creating and uploading a website, it is important to take time to plan exactly what is needed in the website. Thoroughly considering the audience or target market, and the definition the purpose and deciding what content will be developed are extremely important.

Context

Web design is similar (in a too simplistic) to traditional print publishing. Each website is a container for displaying information, as well as a book, and each page is like the page in abook. However, the site uses a frame design based on digital code and display technology to build and maintain an environment to distribute information in multiple formats. Taken to its fullest potential, web design is undoubtedly the most sophisticated and increasingly complex to support communication in world.

Purpose

It is essential to define the purpose of the website as one of the first steps in the planning process. A statement purpose-based approach should show what the website and do what the users get it. A clearly defined purpose will help the rest of the planning process as the audience is identified and the site content is developed. Set short term goals and long-term website that will help clear purpose, and creates a basis to plan the future when expansion, modification and improvement will take place. Measurable objectives should be identified to monitor the progress of the site and determine success.

Audience

The definition of the public is a key step in the process of planning website. The public is group of people expected to visit their website - the market being targeted. These people will be watching the website for a specific reason and it is important to know exactly what they want when they visit the site. A clearly defined purpose or goal of the site as well as an understanding of what visitors want to do or feel when come to your site will help you identify the target audience. Considering that it is more likely to need or use the content, a list of characteristics common to users, such as:

Characteristics of the audience
Information Preferences
Equipment Specifications
Web Experiences

Taking into account the characteristics of the audience will allow an effective website that was created to deliver the desired content for the target audience.

Compatibility and restrictions

Because the market share of modern browsers (depending on your target market) the compatibility of your website viewers is limited. For example, a website that is designed for most Internet users are limited to the use of XHTML 1.0 Strict or older, Cascading Style Sheets Level 1, and the screen resolution of 1024x768. This is becauseInternet Explorer is not fully compatible with standard W3C with the modularity of XHTML 1.1 and CSS beyond a majority. A target market of more alternative browser (eg Firefox, Google Chrome, Safari and Opera) allow users to more W3C compliance and thus a greater range of options for a web designer.

Another restriction in design web pages is the use of different image file formats. Most users can support GIF, JPEG and PNG (with restrictions). Again Internet Explorer is the major constraint here, not fully support the advanced features of PNG transparency, resulting in the GIF format is still the most widely used graphic file format for transparent images.

Many website incompatibilities go unnoticed by the designer and unreported by the users. The only way be sure of a website work in a particular platform is to test it on that platform.

Planning documents

Used visual documentation of the site plan, taking into consideration the purpose, audience and content, the design of the site structure, content and interactions that are best suited for the website. Documentation may be considered as a prototype of the website - a model that allows web site design for review, leading to the proposed changes, improvements and / or improvements. This review process increases the likelihood of success of the website.

The first step may involve the architecture of the information that is classified content and information structure is formulated. The information structure is used to produce a document or diagram visual called a site map. This creates a visual image of how web sites or content will be interconnected and can help you decide what content will be placed on the pages.

In addition to planning the structure, design and interface of individual pages can be programmed from the storyboard. In the process of storyboarding, a record is made of the description, purpose and title of each page on the site, and are linked other according to the type of effective and logical diagram. Depending on the number of pages needed for the website, documentation methods may include use of pieces of paper and draw lines to connect or create the storyboard with the software.

Website Design

Web design is different from traditional print publications. Each website is a container to display information, like a book is a container, and each page web page is like a book. However, the final size and shape of the site not known to the web designer, while the designer Print Exactly what size paper to print. [4]

For typical web sites, the basic aspects of design are:

The content: the substance, and information on the site must be relevant to the site and should target the area of the public that the website has to do with.
Ease of use: The site must be easy to use, interface and navigation simple and reliable.
Appearance: graphics and text should include a single style that flows throughout, to show consistency. The style should be professional, appealing and relevant.
Structure: the website as a whole.

A website typically consists of text, images, animations and / or video. The first page of a website is known as the home page or index page. Some websites use what is commonly called Splash Page. Splash pages may include a welcome message, language or region selection, or disclaimer, however search engines in general, sites in favor of they do not, that has caused these types of pages to fall out of favor. Each web page within a website is a file that has its own URL. After each page web is created, which are generally linked through a navigation menu composed of hyperlinks.

Once a website has been completed, should be published or uploaded in order to be visible to the public through the Internet. This can be done using an FTP client.

Multidisciplinary requirements

Website design crosses multiple disciplines of information from multiple systems, information technology, marketing and communication design. The website is an information systemwhose components are sometimes classified as front-end and back-end. The observable content (eg page layout, user interface, graphics, text, audio) is known as the front-end. The back-end includes the organization and efficiency of the source code, invisible scripting functions, and server side components that process the output of front-end. Depending on the size of a web development project can be carried out by a versatile person (sometimes called a website administrator), or a project manager may oversee collaborative designbetween group members with specialized skills.

Environment

The design is a double-edged sword: on the one hand, the expression of a framework that actively shapes the web designer. Moreover, as the designer this framework is adapted to project design is the means of delivering content. The publication of a website is committed through the media the production process and the product created. Publicationimplies adaptation of culture and content standards. Web Design incorporates multiple intersections between the many layers of social and technical knowledge, requiring creative direction, structure of design elements, and some form of social organization. Different objectives and methods to solve effectively in the successful implementation of management education, software and equipment during the design process. However, competition and the evolution of many platforms and environments challenge acceptance, completion and continuity of all products design.

Collaboration

Principles of Web design are less integrated into corporate advertising campaigns, transactions customer, extranets, intranets and social networks. Websites were seen as brochures or points staticonline database connection, disconnected from the broader areas a business or project. Many websites are still disconnected from the broader scope of the project. As a result, many websites are unnecessarily difficult to use, indirect in the way they communicate, and suffer from "off" or bureaucratic effective information architecture.

Form versus function

A web developer can pay more attention to how you view a page, writing and neglecting other features search engine optimization, as readability of the text, the ability to surf the site, or the ease with which visitors will find the site. As a result, designers can end up in conflict some want more decorative graphics at the expense ofkeyword rich text, bulleted lists, and text links. Assuming a false dichotomy of form and function are mutually exclusive given the possibility of integrating multiple disciplines for a collaborative solution and synergy. In many cases, form follows function. Due to some graphics serve communication purposes in addition to aesthetics, the effectiveness of a site may depend on graphic design ideas and considerations of professional writing.

When using a lot of graphics, or sending a large number of instructions to the client computer Finally, a web page can load slowly, often irritating the user. This has become less of a problem as the Internet has evolved with high-speed Internet and use vector graphics. However, there is still an ongoing engineering challenge to increase bandwidth and an artistic challenge to minimize the amount graphics and file sizes. This problem is compounded as it encourages more high-bandwidth graphics with large file sizes.

Disposal

Layout types

Design refers to the design of content on a display device, and delivery of media in a stream of related content. Web design presentations resulted in visual content frames, these frames can be fixed, they can use units of measurement are relative, or that can provide fluid design with dimensions proportional. The flow diagram of deployment (a useful tool in any design project) must approach content design. Many of the units of measurement exists, but here are some popular size formats:

Results measured in pixels content fixed or static
Em measure results in the proportional content that is relative to the font size
Results as percentage of the content of liquid shrinks and grows to "fit" the Windows screen

Proportional distribution, liquid and hybrid also known as dynamic design. Hybrid design incorporates any combination of fixed, proportional or liquid inside (or pointing to) a single page. The framework of hybrid web design is made possible by digital Internet conventions generally prescribed by the W3C. If any provision does not appear as it should be very may not conform to the standard design principles, or rules in conflict with standard design elements. Current knowledge of the rules is essential effective for the hybrid design.

The first designs websites use fixed, without exception. In the business pages of many designs are fixed preferred as they now contain static information easily presented. Convention imposes fixed layout display device, as viewers must establish their show at least a certain width for easy viewing of contents. This width may include display of corporate logos, notes, announcements and any another objective content of others. Frames fixed layout design may have to include code for multiple display devices.

Hybrid design keeps the control of content rather static, but adapts to the publication of texts and readers, to conventional (printed) display. Hybrid designs are generally pleasing to the eye and are in most sites that distribute the traditional images and text readers. In some places, hybrid design makes a column of text otherwise warm and cold seems balanced. A good example of hybrid design is WordPress, where the liquid layout is now optional, and the media of film and hearing is to stretch the envelope.

Liquid design is useful when the content is delivered to the population a "device Unknown. "Code of suitable liquid displays images, texts and spaces with the size of the screen. A person with a handheld can see see and interact with the same content as someone who uses a desktop monitor large. However, the expansion of content from a variety of devices has evolved more recently with modern web browsers, allowing users to see the same design on all devices.

Disposal concerns

Conceptual barriers to the proper design abound! Currently the design is challenged by the convention in conflict makes it impossible to adapt to fluid and hybrid design of the bottom corners of the screen. In short, the display device manufactured using the top right and / or corner to the left to display the content. For non-standard equipment, the establishment of fixed to custom design your device is still seen by some companies, as a means of raising revenue, because they can sell a "single" display. This business approach, which dominates the digital market by the end of last century, is not as useful today. However, some say a decade of delay, CSS3 and HTML5 are finally taking the four penultimate display benchmarks seriously.With the arrival of many monitor sizes, "fluid" websites are becoming less common. The result is that the design of liquid look "old" because they were generally used more in the early days of the Internet. In dealing with the design of the source, although expressed as EMS, a static core can not escape, and journalists often more content on the page. However, as new rules adopted by device manufacturers, viewers notice a spectrum broader content and greater interaction and content. For the World Wide Web Consortium tomorrow drawing conventions in design, new media types and methods are increasingly in the mix. It is an axiom of the double truth that "content has to do with the design" and "design is about content." We could say that design is what the designers get into the technology available - the content is culture manifested in the design. "Space is the on the conclusion of design and content together. Space communication style (appearance design) to the target population. Understanding how to adapt the space the relationship-contained design is essential to web design. The survival of each design depends on its sensitivity to new technology (within cultures that your frame is in service), and the immediate acceptance depends on the configuration or presentation of such content. On each page, the content is more susceptible to changes and variations in standards that space. While the professional designer casually admits that 90% of the design code is used to adapt the space, most your current work space displays manipulations used to reshape actively communicating over the Internet.

A common misconception among designers is assume that the design is fluid because the container space, and text widths in percentages. However, their "liquid" part, while adhering the conventions focused, not to manage the image content. A later edition of placing a large image in the page, destroys the appearance of the page. When managing a layout, it is essential that the interaction of electronic design content of the convention and the user.

Device

The Web designer has no control over several factors, including the size of the browser, the browser used, the devices used input (operating system, the touch pad screen command, voice, text, ticker, cell phone or other hand), and the size, design and other characteristics of the sources that users have available (installed) and active (preferably) on your device. Single device manufacturing and conflicting arguments is further complicated by the interpretations of different browsers, same content, and content of some changes can automatically activate the browser. Designers Web pages do well to study and master the elimination of competing equipment brands and software for the web pages are displayed as they are encoded for display. Eric Meyers, a well-known educator and promoter, is one of the many resources that led HTML code reset. While it can not but leave a local environment to control another, Web designers can adjust the settings to eliminating common brands that alters or damages your web content. Because manufacturers are very protective devices its patents trademarks, Meyers and others warn that restart is still experimental.

Web design without tables

Main Article: tableless web design

When Netscape Navigator 4 dominated the browser market, the most popular designers to designing a web page was by using tables. Often even simple designs for a page that requires dozens of tables nested in the other. Many web templates Dreamweaver and other WYSIWYG editors still use this technique today. Navigator 4 does not support CSS to a useful level, so it simply was not used.

After the browser wars diminished and dominant browsers such as Internet Explorer became more W3C compliant, designers started turning toward CSS as an alternative means to get their pages. CSS proponents say that tables should be used only for tabular data, not for design. Using CSS HTML instead of tables also returns to a semantic markup, which helps bots search engines understand what is happening on a website. All Modern web browsers support CSS with different degrees of limitations.

However, one of the main points against CSS is that by relying on it exclusively, control is essentially abandoned, because each browser has its own quirks which result in a page display a little different. This is especially a problem as not every browser supports the same subset of CSS rules. The means to apply different styles depending on the browser and version are used, but the incorporation these exceptions, makes the maintenance of style sheets more difficult, as there are styles in more than one place to update.

For designers who are used to table-based layouts, developing Web sites in CSS often becomes a matter of trying to replicate what is can do with tables, leading some to find CSS design rather complicated because of the unfamiliarity. For example, one time it was more difficult to produce certain design elements, such as upright, and full-length footers in a design with absolute positions. With the abundance of CSS resources available today Online, however, designing with reasonable adherence to standards involves little more than applying CSS 2.1 and CSS 3 to properly structured markup.

These days most modern browsers have solved most of these quirks in CSS rendering and this has led to many different CSS layouts possible. However, some people still use older browsers, and designers need to keep this in mind, and allow the grace degrading pages in older browsers. Most notable among these old browsers are Internet Explorer 6, which is in web design community, becoming the new Netscape Navigator 4 - a block that has the back of the World Wide Web to make your CSS layout. However, the W3 Consortium has made CSS in combination with standard XHTML for Web design.

Content Management

Main article: Content management

Many sites require frequent changes in content and publishing new content in the short term. Content Management Systems (CMS) allows non-technical staff to maintain and update the site's content without programming knowledge or special software tools. Usually the website content can be edited with a "What you see is what you You get "(WYSIWYG) model. In addition to maintaining existing content, CMS administrators can upload images or videos, create pages, sections or categories, and add or modify the menu structures. There are several popular choices for current use.

About the Author

BALMY DESIGN PVT. LTD.

LTD.27/5,LGF,East Patel Nagar,New Delhi-110008

Phone : +91 11 41698282 / 8383

Mobile: +91 9873102510/ +91 9811584122

Mail id : info@balmydesign.com , balmydesign@gmail.com

HTML: Embedding Flash in HTML5